Table of Contents

PREFACE

Part 1:  INTERNATIONAL TRADE INSTITUTIONS

1. HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION   

• Global Economics
• Historical Overview
• International Trade /Economic Theories
• Free Trade (Laissez-faire Policy)
• Advantages/Disadvantages of International Trade
• Restrictions on International Trade
• Protectionism
• Developing Countries and Free Global Trade

2. GATT AND WTO: ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION  

• Before and After Second World War
• ITO: Havana Charter
• Collapse of ITO and the emergence of GATT
• Scope, Principles and Objectives of GATT
• Protocol of Provisional l Application/Grandfather Clause
• Membership and Participation in GATT
• Non application of GATT
• GATT Rounds of Negotiation
• World Trade Organisation
• Main features of WTO
• Basic differences between GATT & WTO
• Scope, Functions and Structure of WTO
• Decision making in WTO
• Amendment to Agreements
• Accession to WTO
• Withdrawal from WTO

3. THE PRINCIPLES OF NON-DISCRIMINATION IN GATT & WTO  

• The Most Favoured Nation Principle (MFN)
• National Treatment
• WTO Cases
• Exceptions to Basic Principles
• Difference between NT and MFN

4. DISPUTE SETTLEMENT PROCEDURES UNDER GATT & WTO  

• Introduction
• System under GATT 1947 and its evolution
• Weakness of GATT Dispute Settlement System
• WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism
• Stages of a WTO Dispute Settlement Case
• Difference between GATT and WTO Dispute Settlement Procedures

5. AGREEMENT ON SUBSIDIES AND COUNTERVAILING MEASURES 
6. AGREEMENT ON DUMPING AND ANTI-DUMPING DUTIES
7. GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TRADE AND SERVICES (GATS) 
8. OTHER WTO AGREEMENTS 

• Agreement on Agriculture
• Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade
• Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
• Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Investment Measures
• Agreement on Rules of Origin
• Agreement on Safeguards

Part 2 : INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL LAW

9. DOCUMENTS USED IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE  

• Financial Documents (Bill of Exchange)
• Commercial Documents
• Transport Documents (Bill of Lading, Postal Receipt, Airway Bill and CTD)
• Risk Covering Documents
• Official/Regulatory Documents

10. PAYMENTS IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE  

• Letters of Credit
• Documentary Collections
• Cash-in-Advance
• Open Account
• Consignment
• Export Factoring
• Forfaiting

11. INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL CONTRACTS AND TRADE TERMS 

• International Contract Law
• Standard Trade Terms
• INCOTERMS 2010
• F.O.B, C.I.F and F.A.S
• U.N Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG)

12. INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL DISPUTES 

• International Commercial Arbitration
• Arbitration in India
• Enforcement of an arbitration agreement
• New York Convention
• UNCITRAL
• Enforcement of Foreign Judgments

SOURCES